Literature Research (Secondary Sources)
Literature - General
American Literature
British Literature
World Literatures in English
Literary Theory & Criticism
Language & Linguistics
Literature - General
Humanities Web
Includes select full text works and critical essays on literature. Contents are organized alphabetically as well as by period, nationality, topic, literary theme, and genre. Site also includes a glossary of literary terms.
Literary History
"A selective bibliography of open access articles for more than 300 authors, favoring signed articles by recognized scholars, articles published in reviewed sources, and websites that adhere to the MLA Guidelines for Authors of Websites" (www.LiteraryHistory.com).
Literary Resources on the Net (Jack Lynch)
Maintained by Jack Lynch (Rutgers), this site organizes web-based resources on literature according to the following broad categories: Classical & Biblical, Medieval, Renaissance, Eighteenth Century, Romantic, Victorian (British), Twentieth-Century (British & Irish), American, Theatre & Drama, Theory, Women's Literature & Feminism, Ethnicities & Nationalities, Other National Literatures, Bibliography & History of the Book, Hypertext, and Miscellaneous.
LitLinks (Bedford/St. Martin's)
Provides an annotated compilation of links and brief biographical sketches for select authors of critical theory, drama, essays, fiction, and poetry.
Voice of the Shuttle
A database of web resources on topics including literature (in English), literatures (other than English), and literary theory.
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American Literature
General
All American: Literature, History, & Culture
An online encyclopedia that provides resources for Colonial (1607-1783), Antebellum (1784-1865), Postbellum (1866-1913), and Modern (1914-present) American literature, history, and culture.
American Authors
Provides biographical information on American authors as well as links to select full-text resources. Includes a literary timeline, a guide to American literary movements, and links to American literature sites.
American Literature on the Web
Contains links to general resources and resources by period in American literature. The resources by period section includes timelines as well as sections on authors, related resources, visual arts, and social contexts.
American Studies at the University of Virginia
Contains sections dedicated to an online museum, hypertexts, cultural maps, the Capitol, and the 1930s.
American Studies Web
Part of the American Studies Electronic Crossroads at Georgetown, this site provides bibliographies for web resources on topics including literature and text studies.
Norton Anthology of American Literature
This web companion to the print Norton Anthology of American Literature provides an overview of each period in American literature, topic clusters, a timeline, and select author biographies.
PAL: Perspectives in American Literature
Serves as a research and reference guide for studies in American literature. Site contents are organized according to period and topic.
17th Century
17th Century New England
A research guide to 17th Century New England with particular emphasis on the Essex County Witch Hunt of 1692.
18th Century
American Literature (1700-1800): Reason & Revolution
A compilation of resources on the history and criticism of 18th-century American literature as well asinformation on individual writers.
19th Century
19th Century American Literary, Historical, & Cultural Studies
Organized according to periods & topics, historic figures, authors & texts, documents, and visual culture.
The American Renaissance & Transcendentalism (PBS - I Hear America Singing)
Provides an overview essay of the American Renaissance and the Transcendentalist movement. Includes links to biographical essays on literary figures from the 19th century.
20th Century
American Slave Narratives: An Online Anthology
Includes a sampling of American slave narratives that were recorded between 1936 and 1938. These narratives are taken from The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography, edited by George P. Rawick (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1972-79).
Multicultural Web: U.S. Fiction since 1950
Emphasizes the role of culture and narrative in reading contemporary American fiction. Provides definitions for terms associated with culture and reading narrative.
Post-WWII American Literature and Culture Database (Berkeley)
Contains a searchable bibliography, information specific to punk and hardcore, queer, postmodernism, generation X, multiculturalism, feminism, and popular culture.
Voices from the Gap: Women Artists and Writers of Color
Intended to preserve information about art by women of color. Artist biographies may be either searched or browsed by artist's last name, by location, by axes of affiliation, by significant dates, and by date posted or modified. The biographies are followed by select bibliographies.
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British Literature
General
English Literature on the Web
A compilation of web resources for English literature. Includes links to general resources as well as resource by time period.
Norton Anthology of English Literature
This web companion to the print Norton Anthology of English Literature provides an overview of each period in English literature, literary essays, an author index, and a chronological index.
Old English, ca. 450-1100
Apocalyptic Ideas in Old English Literature
Contains materials on apocalyptic theories, Anglo-Saxon literature, Anglo-Saxon society, a gallery, forums, and a timeline. Also contains a glossary of terms and a bibliography to primary and secondary sources.
Fontes Anglo-Saxonici: A Register of Written Sources Used by Anglo-Saxon Authors
Aims to identify "all written sources which were incorporated, quoted, translated or adapted anywhere in English or Latin texts which were written in Anglo-Saxon England (i.e. England to 1066), or by Anglo-Saxons in other countries" (Fontes Anglo-Saxonici).
Old English Newsletter Online
The online version of the Old English Newsletter, including events, reports, essays, and publications. Includes a searchable bibliographic database the contains the OEN Bibliography from 1973 to 2002. The database is free to use but requires registration.
Middle English, 1100-1500
Geoffrey Chaucer (Harvard)
Provides a wealth of information on Chaucer's life, The Canterbury Tales, Middle English, and various topics related to life and culture in the Middle Ages.
Labyrinth
Serves as a guide to online Medieval resources, including primary texts, secondary texts, and bibliographies.
Luminarium
Provides an online anthology of literature from Middle English, the Renaissance, & the 17th century. Includes essays, articles, and selected texts.
ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies
Contains peer-reviewed articles by Medieval scholars on Early, High, and Late Medieval culture.
TEAMS: Middle English Texts
Provides digital copies of under-copyright Middle English texts that are not widely available to students.
Early Modern, 1500-1700
Early Modern Literary Studies
A refereed, open-access journal that publishes articles on 16th & 17th century English literature, literary criticism, & languages.
Paradise Lost Study Guide
An online resource for Milton's Paradise Lost, including a brief overview, the text of the poem, summaries, biographical information on John Milton, essays, Bible references, illustrations, and FAQs.
Renaissance: The Elizabethan World
Provides background information about life and culture in Elizabethan England. Includes A Compendium of Common Knowledge 1558-1603, Elizabethan Heraldry, Elizabethan Sumptuary Statutes, and The Trial of the Earls of Essex and Southampton, 1601.
17th Century & Renaissance
ERIC: English Renaissance in Context
Provides tutorials on the making of Shakespeare's plays and a database of scanned texts from the Furness Shakespeare Library.
18th Century & Restoration
c18 Bibliographies On-Line (Rutgers)
Contains annotated bibliographies on 18th-century authors that have been created by subject experts.
Dictionary of Sensibility (Virginia)
Explores the language of sensibility in the 18th century. Includes a term list, a source bibliography, and a critical bibliography.
Eighteenth-Century Resources (Rutgers)
Compiled by Jack Lynch, this site contains links to information on & electronic texts from 18th century literature as well as 18th century art, architecture, landscape gardening, history, music, philosophy, religion & theology, and science & mathematics.
SAC LitWeb Restoration and Eighteenth Century Literature Index
Indexes restoration and 18th century literature.
19th Century
British Fiction, 1800-1829: A Database of Production, Circulation, and Reception
Includes bibliographic records for 2,272 fictional works written by around 900 authors.
NINES:Nineteenth-Century Studies Online
A portal that connects
the material archive of the nineteenth century and the digital research environment of the twenty-first.
Romantic Chronology
Draws connections between Romanticism and the cultural contexts from which Romantic literature emerged.
Romantic Circles
A refereed, scholarly website for the study of literature & culture during the Romantic period.
The Literary Gothic
A guide to the literary gothic from 1764 - 1820. Provides information on specific authors and titles as well as information on additional resources and research.
Victorian Web
Provides information on the Victorian period, including political history, social history, gender matters, philosophy, religion, science, technology, visual arts, theater, and literature.
Victorian Research Web
Serves as a guide to research on the Victorian period.
20th Century
20th Century Literature
Provides resources for the study of 20th-century British authors. Includes reading guides, biographical information, selected criticism, literary terms, and a timeline of 20th century literature.
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World Literatures in English
African Literatures
Africa South of the Sahara (Stanford)
Serves as a guide to Internet resources on African cultures and peoples. Sites are organized by country and topic.
Africabib
Contains bibliographic databases for African women's literature and Africana periodical literature.
African Postcolonial Literature in English (Postcolonial Web)
Provides resources on postcolonial literature in English from Morocco, Uganda, Nigeria, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Contains information specific to authors, economics, geography, history, politics, science & technology, visual arts, religion, nations, and theme & subject.
National Museum of African Art (Smithsonian)
Provides online exhibits of traditional and modern African art. Also links to Radio Africa, which provides streaming audio from the Smithsonian’s Global Sound collection.
Australian Literature
AustLit: The Resource for Australian Literature
Indexes both print and electronic Australian literature. While it may be browsed for free, a subscription is required to access the site's full contents.
Australian Literature: Selected Websites
Created by the National Library of Australia, this site serves as a guide to Australian literature, manuscripts & archives, full-text resources, biographical sources, literary studies, copyright, organisations & associations, booksellers & publishers, and Australian children's literature.
Australian Literature: Stories from Australia's Culture & Recreation Portal
Provides articles, Australian stories, and a searchable database of websites and documents on culture and recreation in Australia.
Literature in Australia and New Zealand (Postcolonial Web)
Contains information on authors, history, political context, gender matters, religion, visual arts, and science & technology in Australia and New Zealand.
Canadian Literature
Canadian Literature & Culture (Postcolonial Web)
Provides resources about the geography, demography, economics, history, politics, religion, science & technology, visual arts, gender matters, and literature of Canada.
The Canadian Literature Archive
Serves as a repository for information on "Canadian writers, novelists, poets, playwrights, essayists, Canadian literary organizations, magazines, publications, texts and library archives" (Canadian Literature Archive).
Library and Archives of Canada
The official website for the national Library and Archives of Canada. Contains online exhibits, guides to websites on Canadian literature, and full text of select resources such as the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online.
Caribbean Literature
Caribbean Literature (Postcolonial Web)
Provides resources on Caribbean authors, themes, economics, history, and Anglophone nations.
Caribbean Tales
An interactive website for gathering Caribbean stories and preserving Caribbean culture.
Indic Literature in English
Literature & Culture of the Indian Subcontinent (South Asia) (Postcolonial Web)
Provides resources on the literatures and cultures of Bangladesh, Myanmar (Burma), India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. Contains information on authors, geography, demography, gender matters, history, politics, economics, science & technology, religion, visual arts, and music.
SAWNET (South Asian Women's Network)
Contains information on books by and about women from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
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Literary Theory & Criticism
Cybertext, Hypertext, and Critical Theory
Created by George P. Landow (Brown), this site provides resources on cyberspace, hypertext, critical theory, infotech, science & technology, politics, economics, visual arts, cyborgs, gender matters, body & self, anime, and cyberpunk science fiction.
EServer: Cultural Studies & Critical Theory
Provides resources on American studies, critical legal studies, critical theory, cultural studies, disciplinary theory, literary studies, marxist studies, media studies, popular culture, postcolonial studies, postmodern studies, poststructuralism, queer studies, race studies, and women's studies.
Feminist Theory Website
Provides research materials on fields within feminism, different national/ethnic feminisms, and individual feminists.
Imperial Archive
Provides resources for the study of literature, imperialism, and postcolonialism.
Postcolonial Web
Created by George P. Landow (Brown), this site provides resources on postcolonial and postimperial literatures in English as well as postcolonial theory.
Postmodernism is/in Theory
Focuses on contemporary writers and postmodern culture. Contains essays on Acker, Auster, DeLillo, Garcia Marquez, Gibson, Hagedorn, Morrison, Powers, Pynchon, Reed, and Rushdie.
Theory and Method in American Cultural Studies
Provides bibliographies and brief introductions to current theoretical approaches.
www.theory.org.uk - the Media Theory Site
Provides resources on social theory and popular culture.
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Language & Linguistics
Ethnologue: Languages of the World
The web edition of Raymond G. Gordon Jr.'s Ethnologue: Languages of the World (15th ed. Dallas: SIL International, 2005). An encyclopedic reference work cataloging all of the world’s 6,912 known living languages
Linguist List
Provides
information on language and language analysis and
a forum where academic linguists can discuss linguistic issues and exchange linguistic information.
Center for Applied Linguistics
A private, nonprofit organization working to improve communication through better understanding of language and culture.
Linguistic Society of America
The major professional society in the United States that is exclusively dedicated to the advancement of the scientific study of language.
Linguistics in SIL
Focuses on researching undocumented minority languages, training field linguists, and providing resources to assist in linguistic data collection and analysis.
MLA Language Map
An interactive map intended to show
the number of speakers of thirty-three languages and language groups in the United States.
Stanford Linguistics Research
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